It is a medical term for discomfort or pain in the urinary tract. The causes can be due to the internal factors as well as the external factors. Irrespective of an age any individual can get affected. The probability of getting dysuria is more in female than the male. There are various causes of dysuria including:
1) Urinary tract infection
It occurs due to an enormous amount of bacteria build-up in the urinary tract. Symptom includes needing to urinate frequently & foul smell urine.
2) Prostate infection
This can cause difficulty while urinating, pain in the bladder & testicles, frequent urination during the night.
3) Kidney stones
When a collection of materials, like uric acid or calcium, builds up and create hardened stones in and around the kidneys, they are known as kidney stones or nephrolithiasis, occasionally stones get lodged in the ureters, leading to infection. This causes enormous pain while urinating especially while the urine comes out of the bladder.
4) Ovarian cysts
Cysts are the kind of hard bulgy excess muscles which form outside the bladder. When this cyst compresses the bladder leading to infection, this causes a lot of pain while urinating. Ovarian cysts can develop in one or both ovaries, which sit on either side of the bladder.
5) Chemical sensitivity
The chemicals which are external to the body, like the fragrances can irritate the body tissues. This irritation can cause pain or slight discomfort during the urination. Some of the products which can do this are
· Douches
· Soaps
· Scented toilet paper
· Vaginal lubricants
· Contraceptive foams
Treatment
Antibiotics are the first preference for the treatment of dysuria. The type of drugs & the period to be used depends upon the health condition of an individual. Some of the commonly used drugs are
· Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra)
· Fosfomycin (Monurol)
· Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin, Macrobid)
· Cephalexin (Keflex)Ceftriaxone.
Fluoroquinolones
A group of antibiotics is termed as fluoroquinolones. This drug is not prescribed unless the intensity of bacteria is high in the body. When the infection is tedious, doctors prescribe to fluoroquinolones.
Some of the fluoroquinolones are ciprofloxacin (Cipro) and levofloxacin (Levaquin).
Always prefer a private toilet. Never hold on the urine for a long time, it can aggravate the bacterial formation.